CH 13
The period 1817 to 1821 became known as the "era of good feelings" because there was only one major political party.
The steamboat was particularly suited for western rivers because of its ability to negotiate shallow waters.
John Marshall’s Supreme Court first overturned the decision of a state court in Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee.
The construction of roads by the western state governments was hampered by a tax base inadequate to support the cost of construction.
Henry Clay’s economic program offered the fewest benefits to the South.

CH14
The cotton gin helped revitalize slavery in the United States.
A reason for the evolution of the factory system was effective exploitation of the new machinery meant centralizing production at a source of water or steam power.
The prerequisites for an industrial society included all of the following except government subsidies.
In both England and the United States, the Industrial Revolution began in the textile industry.
The invention of the cotton gin led to the spread of cotton growing into the upland South.

CH15
Henry Clay supported John Quincy Adams for president in 1824 for all of the following reasons except they were close personal friends.
The Nullification Crisis was ended by enactment of a compromise tariff.
The workingmen’s parties were damaged by association with women’s rights and “free love.”
The key to success for Andrew Jackson’s new political party was extending its base of support into the Northeast.
When Jackson heard Marshall's decision in the case between Georgia and the Cherokees (Worcester v. Georgia), he refused to enforce the decision.

CH16
All of the following tended to be enemies of the Bank of United States except Whigs.
The principal issue of the presidential election of 1832 was the Bank of United States.
In 1836, the Whig party nominated three presidential candidates because Whig leaders hoped to throw the election into the House of Representatives, as in 1800 and 1824.
Andrew Jackson’s choice of a vice president was particularly important because Jackson’s shaky health increased the likelihood his vice president would become president.
Significant conflict arose between Jackson and his cabinet over the Eaton affair.

Ch17
The Seneca Falls convention of 1848 promoted women’s rights.
The most prominent black abolitionist of the 1850s was Frederick Douglass.
Prior to the Jacksonian era, literate Europeans regarded the United States as a cultural backwater.
The largest Protestant denomination by 1850 was Methodist.
The Shakers wanted to have large families so they would continue to build communities.

CH18
In their sermons and spirituals, slaves identified themselves with the Hebrews of the Bible.
The proportion of white southern families in the southern population that owned slaves was 25 percent.
A fugitive slave who repeatedly returned to the South to lead other slaves to freedom was Harriett Tubman.
Slaves who ran away were, a majority of them, likely to be captured and punished.
Slavery in the United States was finally ended by the Thirteenth Amendment.

Ch19
Between 1842 and 1845, the United States and Great Britain jointly occupied the Oregon Country.
The president who formally recommended the annexation of the Republic of Texas to the United States was John Tyler.
Santa Anna’s Constitution of 1835 disturbed American Texans because in centralizing the Mexican government, it reduced the autonomy they had enjoyed.
Beginning in 1821, merchants from Missouri created a flourishing trade with the remote Mexican city of Santa Fe.
At the time the United States seized Alta California from Mexico, the non-Indian people of the province were divided in their opinion of the American acquisition.

Ch20
The Free Soil party’s presidential candidate in 1848 was Martin Van Buren.
The Gold Rush of 1849 brought 80,000 people to California in just one year.
In his desperate last days, John C. Calhoun proposed that there be two presidents, one from the North, one from the South.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act killed the Whig party because when southern Whigs voted for it, northern Whigs left the party.
The Compromise of 1850 became law after Senator Douglas maneuvered it through Congress.

CH21
After slavery was legalized in Kansas Territory abolitionists financed emigrants pledged to vote to make Kansas a free state.
When Lincoln was inaugurated in March 1861 the atmosphere in Washington was solemn, even glum.
In the 1857 case of Dred Scott v. Sanford, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had no authority to exclude slavery from the federal territories.
In 1860

A.
extremists controlled the Democratic party in most southern states.

B.
Stephen A. Douglas represented the moderate elements of the Democratic party.

C.
the Democratic party split into two.

D.
the Republican party nominated Abraham Lincoln.
E.
all of these choices.
In 1856, U.S. Representative Preston Brooks, infuriated by an insulting speech directed against his uncle, beat with his cane U.S. Senator Charles Sumner.

CH22
The Confederate draft law exempted from service men who owned 20 or more slaves.
Cotton diplomacy did not work because
A.
British mill owners stockpiled cotton before the war began in earnest.

B.
poor European harvests made northern wheat as valuable an import as southern cotton.

C.
the British government was extremely cautious in aligning with a country where slavery was legal.

D.
the blockade of the South limited the amount of cotton that could be sold.
E.
all of these choices.
Women in Civil War armies posed as men and numbered more than 100.
The Confederate Army was inferior to the Union in supply.
Charles Sumner, Benjamin Wade, and Thaddeus Stevens were Copperheads.

CH23
Republicans enacted the Thirteenth Amendment because the Emancipation Proclamation did not free all slaves.
The victorious Union commanders who led the final major campaigns of the war were Sherman and Grant.
In order to capture Vicksburg, Grant first threatened Jackson, Mississippi.
The Union army that defended Washington and attacked Richmond was the Army of the Potomac.
Sherman asked Grant’s approval of his “March to the Sea” because it was risky to remain in Atlanta and there was little to be gained by doing so.

CH24
President Grant was personally honest but loyal to corrupt subordinates.
All of the following were functions of the Freedmen’s Bureau except the allotment of 40 acres and a mule to each former slave family.
Ultimately, the election of 1876 was won by Rutherford B. Hayes.
Reconstruction refers to restoring the former Confederate states to a normal relationship with the Union.
Andrew Johnson vetoed the bill to extend the life of the Freedmen’s Bureau.

CH25
In the latter part of the nineteenth century, the percentage of eligible voters who actually voted reached an all-time high.
During the late nineteenth century, the Democratic Party could count on the votes of all the following except African Americans.
Republicans attempted to secure the votes of Civil War veterans by the following actions except recognizing the special problems of the South.
The presidents of the late nineteenth century believed Congress should take the lead in formulating policy.
The success of the Irish in American politics owed in part to the fact that they were the first of the large ethnic groups in the city.

CH26
All of the following were inventors except John D. Rockefeller.
The center of attention at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia was the Corliss engine.
Andrew Carnegie’s principal method of reducing the costs of steel manufacture was vertical integration.
All of the following were involved in the Erie War except J. Edgar Thompson.
Creating an integrated national rail network included the process of
A.
constructing new lines in the West.
B.
all of these choices.

C.
consolidating existing lines in the Northeast.

D.
funding of the lines.

E.
consolidating existing lines in the South.

CH27
The Sherman Antitrust Act was ineffective because
A.
the wording was ambiguous.

B.
the Supreme Court generally interpreted it in a manner favorable to big business.

C.
presidents were reluctant to initiate suits under it until after 1900.

D.
it was not enforced.
E.
all of these choices.
Social Darwinism stressed “survival of the fittest.”
Ladies’ fashion in late-nineteenth-century clothing reflected the wearer’s social status.
By the turn of the century, the nation’s major railroad systems were effectively controlled by investment banks.
Looking Backward described a utopian future in which industry was government-owned.

Ch28
“New Immigrants” originated chiefly in Southern and Eastern Europe.
A word that describes the philosophy of the American Federation of Labor was
A.
practical.

B.
conservative.

C.
cautious.

D.
reasonable.

E.
all these choices.
All of the following were numerous in the industrial workforce at the turn of the century except black males.
All of the following impelled “New Immigrants” to come to America except land reform in their homelands.
New Immigrants found it difficult to adapt to American life because their religions were not familiar to older Americans.

CH29
Prior to 1870 urban growth was limited chiefly by the distance that could be conveniently traveled by foot.
Late nineteenth-century architects were able to design skyscrapers when engineers developed steel girders shaped like the letter “I.”
The Brooklyn Bridge was employed as a symbol by commentators on all of the following except engineering genius of native-born Americans.
A majority of New Immigrants settled in cities in the Northeast and Great Lakes states.
The subject of How the Other Half Lives was life among the urban poor.

CH30
The Plains Indians’ way of life was doomed by the construction of the transcontinental railroad.
At the time of the Civil War, the area of the United States still defined as “unsettled” was about one-half of the whole.
Eastern congressmen, not westerners, were the backbone of the movement to reform Indian policy when, in 1887, they enacted the Dawes Severalty Act.
The “long drive” passed into history because of the expansion of the railroads throughout the West.
All of the following were geographical features of the American West of the late nineteenth century except the Great Lakes.

CH31
Sharecroppers and tenant farmers outnumbered landowning farmers among southern blacks.
All of the following characterized southern agriculture during the late nineteenth century except much of the black workforce moved north.
After the boom of the 1870s and early 1880s, agriculture in the West experienced a long period of economic decline.
The Panic of 1893 resulted in all the following except higher wages in northern factories.
The Omaha Platform of the Populists included all of the following proposals except federal support for national banks.

CH32
During the fighting of the Spanish-American War, more American fighting men died of disease than were killed in action.
The Populist party collapsed as a result of
A.
its fusion with the Democratic party.

B.
an improvement in agricultural prices.

C.
the distraction of imperialism.

D.
it gave up its comprehensive reform program.

E.
all of these choices.
The United States declared war on Spain when President McKinley was persuaded that to resist war might mean Democratic control of Congress.
Scornful Republicans called William Jennings Bryan “Boy Bryan” because of his extreme youth as a presidential candidate.
In the Philippine Insurrection, the United States with great difficulty suppressed a revolt that the majority of the Filipino people supported.

CH33
A now celebrated American writer of the era, reclusive and virtually unknown during life, was Emily Dickinson.
The recreational habits of middle-class Americans at the turn of the century indicated all of the following except they had no difficulty justifying idleness.
The American middle class of the turn of the century was all of the following except increasingly religious.
Magazines catering to the middle class gained spectacularly in circulation in the late nineteenth century.
The new middle class of the early 1900s placed a high value on education and respectability.

Ch34
The prohibition movement won progressive support by

A.
virtue of its social and moral arguments.

B.
linking the saloon to political corruption.

C.
arguing that drinking contributed to poverty among working people.

D.
appealing to the Christianity of some Americans.
E.
all of these choices.
The “Wobblies” were members of a radical labor union believed to practice sabotage and other forms of violence.
Progressives feared all of the following except a government active in the economic, social, and cultural spheres.
Robert La Follette worked closely with the University of Wisconsin.
Typically, progressives were all of the following except anticolonialists.

CH35
The leading Socialist in the Progressive era was Eugene V. Debs.
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine stated that the United States could intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American nations to preserve stability.
All of the following are true of Woodrow Wilson as president except he became more conservative as his first term progressed.
All of the following are true of Gifford Pinchot except that he wished to preserve forests so that Americans would have recreational facilities outdoors.
As president, Theodore Roosevelt. moved very cautiously at first. because he had not been elected president